The Noorjoo Magazine

Why & How

Answers to the why and how behind historical events and decisions.

Why & How

The Battle of the Camel and Siffin: How They Connect

The Battle of the Camel (656 CE) and the Battle of Siffin (657 CE) were two back-to-back chapters of the first civil war among Muslims — fought less than a year apart, and both rooted in the same unresolved crisis: the murder of Uthman, the third caliph, and demands for retribution against his killers. What […]

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Why & How

Who Killed Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib?

Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib, the fourth caliph and first Imam of the Shia, was attacked during the dawn prayer at the mosque of Kufa in 40 AH (661 CE) by Abd al-Rahman ibn Muljam al-Muradi, a member of the Kharijite sect, who struck him with a poisoned sword. Ali died two days later. Who […]

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Why & How

Husayn ibn Ali’s Children: Who Were They?

Imam Husayn ibn Ali had several sons and daughters from different wives. Only one son — Ali ibn Husayn, known as Imam Sajjad — survived the tragedy of Karbala and later became the fourth Imam of the Shia; the rest of his children were either martyred at Karbala, died during the captivity that followed, or […]

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Why & How

Duel of Intellect and Faith: The Fascinating Account of Imam Reza’s (a) Debates with World Religious Leaders

In the grand hall of al-Ma’mun’s palace in Merv, an expectant silence filled the air. The Abbasid caliph had gathered the most brilliant theologians and philosophers from different religions across the world. Al-Ma’mun harbored a political plot: to challenge and defeat the intellectual authority of Imam Reza (a) in a public arena. This time there […]

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Why & How

Husayn Refused Allegiance to Yazid: Here’s Why

When Yazid ibn Muawiya became the Umayyad caliph in 60 AH (680 CE), he ordered the governor of Medina to secure a pledge of allegiance (bay’ah) from Husayn ibn Ali. Husayn refused — a decision that set in motion the events leading to Karbala. Why did Husayn refuse to pledge allegiance to Yazid? When Mu’awiya […]

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Why & How

Yazid’s Father: Who Was Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan?

Yazid’s father was Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan (Muawiya I), founder and first caliph of the Umayyad dynasty. Yazid — whose full name was Yazid ibn Muawiya — became the second Umayyad caliph in 680 CE after his father’s death, and it was under his rule that Imam Husayn, the Prophet Muhammad’s grandson, was killed at […]

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Why & How

What Happened at Ghadir Khumm?

Ghadir Khumm is a spot on the road between Mecca and Medina where, in 632 CE, the Prophet Muhammad stopped a massive caravan of pilgrims returning from his final pilgrimage and spoke about Imam Ali. In Shia tradition, this moment is understood as the Prophet’s formal designation of Ali as his successor — a reading […]

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